Roseola infantum is caused by human herpesvirus-6Typical symptoms include high fever that begins suddenly and sometimes a rash that develops after the temperature returns to normal.
The diagnosis is based on symptoms and the age of the child.
Treatment aims to relieve symptoms.
Roseola infantum occurs throughout the year, most often in the spring and fall. Sometimes minor local outbreaks occur. The usual cause is herpesvirus-6, one of the many human herpesviruses. Most children who develop roseola infantum are between 6 months and 3 years of age.
Symptoms
Roseola infantum symptoms begin about 5 to 15 days after infection. A fever of 103 to 105° F (about 39.5 to 40.5° C) begins abruptly and lasts for 3 to 5 days. In 5 to 15% of children, seizures occur as a result of high fever, particularly as the fever begins and rises quickly. Despite the high fever, the child is usually alert and active. A few children have a mild runny nose, sore throat, or an upset stomach. The lymph nodes at the back of the head, the sides of the neck, and behind the ears may be enlarged. The fever usually disappears on the fourth day.
About 30% of children with roseola infantum develop a rash within a few hours to, at most, a day after the temperature falls. The rash is red and flat. It occurs mostly on the chest and abdomen and less extensively on the face, arms, and legs. The rash is not itchy and may last from a few hours to 2 days.
Treatment
Acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever to provide comfort
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